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<a href="https://github.com/kubernetes/ingress-nginx/edit/master/docs/user-guide/ingress-path-matching.md" title="Edit this page" class="md-icon md-content__icon">&#xE3C9;</a>
<h1 id="ingress-path-matching">Ingress Path Matching<a class="headerlink" href="#ingress-path-matching" title="Permanent link">&para;</a></h1>
<h2 id="regular-expression-support">Regular Expression Support<a class="headerlink" href="#regular-expression-support" title="Permanent link">&para;</a></h2>
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<div class="admonition important">
<p class="admonition-title">Important</p>
<p>Regular expressions and wild cards are not supported in the <code class="codehilite">spec.rules.host</code> field. Full hostnames must be used. </p>
</div>
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<p>The ingress controller supports <strong>case insensitive</strong> regular expressions in the <code class="codehilite">spec.rules.http.paths.path</code> field.</p>
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<p>See the <a href="../nginx-configuration/annotations/#use-regex">description</a> of the <code class="codehilite">use-regex</code> annotation for more details.</p>
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<div class="codehilite"><pre><span></span><span class="nt">apiVersion</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="l l-Scalar l-Scalar-Plain">extensions/v1beta1</span>
<span class="nt">kind</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="l l-Scalar l-Scalar-Plain">Ingress</span>
<span class="nt">metadata</span><span class="p">:</span>
<span class="nt">name</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="l l-Scalar l-Scalar-Plain">test-ingress</span>
<span class="nt">annotations</span><span class="p">:</span>
<span class="nt">nginx.ingress.kubernetes.io/use-regex</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="s">&quot;true&quot;</span>
<span class="nt">spec</span><span class="p">:</span>
<span class="nt">rules</span><span class="p">:</span>
<span class="p p-Indicator">-</span> <span class="nt">host</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="l l-Scalar l-Scalar-Plain">test.com</span>
<span class="nt">http</span><span class="p">:</span>
<span class="nt">paths</span><span class="p">:</span>
<span class="p p-Indicator">-</span> <span class="nt">path</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="l l-Scalar l-Scalar-Plain">/foo/.*</span>
<span class="nt">backend</span><span class="p">:</span>
<span class="nt">serviceName</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="l l-Scalar l-Scalar-Plain">test</span>
<span class="nt">servicePort</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="l l-Scalar l-Scalar-Plain">80</span>
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</pre></div>
<p>The preceding ingress definition would translate to the following location block within the NGINX configuration for the <code class="codehilite">test.com</code> server:</p>
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<div class="codehilite"><pre><span></span>location ~* &quot;^/foo/.*&quot; {
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...
}
</pre></div>
<h2 id="path-priority">Path Priority<a class="headerlink" href="#path-priority" title="Permanent link">&para;</a></h2>
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<p>In NGINX, regular expressions follow a <strong>first match</strong> policy. In order to enable more accurate path matching, ingress-nginx first orders the paths by descending length before writing them to the NGINX template as location blocks.</p>
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<p><strong>Please read the <a href="#warning">warning</a> before using regular expressions in your ingress definitions.</strong></p>
<h3 id="example">Example<a class="headerlink" href="#example" title="Permanent link">&para;</a></h3>
<p>Let the following two ingress definitions be created:</p>
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<div class="codehilite"><pre><span></span><span class="nt">apiVersion</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="l l-Scalar l-Scalar-Plain">extensions/v1beta1</span>
<span class="nt">kind</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="l l-Scalar l-Scalar-Plain">Ingress</span>
<span class="nt">metadata</span><span class="p">:</span>
<span class="nt">name</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="l l-Scalar l-Scalar-Plain">test-ingress-1</span>
<span class="nt">spec</span><span class="p">:</span>
<span class="nt">rules</span><span class="p">:</span>
<span class="p p-Indicator">-</span> <span class="nt">host</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="l l-Scalar l-Scalar-Plain">test.com</span>
<span class="nt">http</span><span class="p">:</span>
<span class="nt">paths</span><span class="p">:</span>
<span class="p p-Indicator">-</span> <span class="nt">path</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="l l-Scalar l-Scalar-Plain">/foo/bar</span>
<span class="nt">backend</span><span class="p">:</span>
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<span class="nt">serviceName</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="l l-Scalar l-Scalar-Plain">service1</span>
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<span class="nt">servicePort</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="l l-Scalar l-Scalar-Plain">80</span>
<span class="p p-Indicator">-</span> <span class="nt">path</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="l l-Scalar l-Scalar-Plain">/foo/bar/</span>
<span class="nt">backend</span><span class="p">:</span>
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<span class="nt">serviceName</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="l l-Scalar l-Scalar-Plain">service2</span>
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<span class="nt">servicePort</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="l l-Scalar l-Scalar-Plain">80</span>
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</pre></div>
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<div class="codehilite"><pre><span></span><span class="nt">apiVersion</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="l l-Scalar l-Scalar-Plain">extensions/v1beta1</span>
<span class="nt">kind</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="l l-Scalar l-Scalar-Plain">Ingress</span>
<span class="nt">metadata</span><span class="p">:</span>
<span class="nt">name</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="l l-Scalar l-Scalar-Plain">test-ingress-2</span>
<span class="nt">annotations</span><span class="p">:</span>
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<span class="nt">nginx.ingress.kubernetes.io/rewrite-target</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="l l-Scalar l-Scalar-Plain">/$1</span>
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<span class="nt">spec</span><span class="p">:</span>
<span class="nt">rules</span><span class="p">:</span>
<span class="p p-Indicator">-</span> <span class="nt">host</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="l l-Scalar l-Scalar-Plain">test.com</span>
<span class="nt">http</span><span class="p">:</span>
<span class="nt">paths</span><span class="p">:</span>
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<span class="p p-Indicator">-</span> <span class="nt">path</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="l l-Scalar l-Scalar-Plain">/foo/bar/(.+)</span>
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<span class="nt">backend</span><span class="p">:</span>
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<span class="nt">serviceName</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="l l-Scalar l-Scalar-Plain">service3</span>
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<span class="nt">servicePort</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="l l-Scalar l-Scalar-Plain">80</span>
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</pre></div>
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<p>The ingress controller would define the following location blocks, in order of descending length, within the NGINX template for the <code class="codehilite">test.com</code> server:</p>
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<div class="codehilite"><pre><span></span>location ~* ^/foo/bar/.+ {
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...
}
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location ~* &quot;^/foo/bar/&quot; {
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...
}
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location ~* &quot;^/foo/bar&quot; {
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...
}
</pre></div>
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<p>The following request URI's would match the corresponding location blocks:</p>
<ul>
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<li><code class="codehilite">test.com/foo/bar/1</code> matches <code class="codehilite">~* ^/foo/bar/.+</code> and will go to service 3.</li>
<li><code class="codehilite">test.com/foo/bar/</code> matches <code class="codehilite">~* ^/foo/bar/</code> and will go to service 2.</li>
<li><code class="codehilite">test.com/foo/bar</code> matches <code class="codehilite">~* ^/foo/bar</code> and will go to service 1.</li>
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</ul>
<p><strong>IMPORTANT NOTES</strong>:</p>
<ul>
<li>If the <code class="codehilite">use-regex</code> OR <code class="codehilite">rewrite-target</code> annotation is used on any Ingress for a given host, then the case insensitive regular expression <a href="https://nginx.org/en/docs/http/ngx_http_core_module.html#location">location modifier</a> will be enforced on ALL paths for a given host regardless of what Ingress they are defined on.</li>
</ul>
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<h2 id="warning">Warning<a class="headerlink" href="#warning" title="Permanent link">&para;</a></h2>
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<p>The following example describes a case that may inflict unwanted path matching behaviour.</p>
<p>This case is expected and a result of NGINX's a first match policy for paths that use the regular expression <a href="https://nginx.org/en/docs/http/ngx_http_core_module.html#location">location modifier</a>. For more information about how a path is chosen, please read the following article: <a href="https://www.digitalocean.com/community/tutorials/understanding-nginx-server-and-location-block-selection-algorithms">"Understanding Nginx Server and Location Block Selection Algorithms"</a>.</p>
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<h3 id="example_1">Example<a class="headerlink" href="#example_1" title="Permanent link">&para;</a></h3>
<p>Let the following ingress be defined:</p>
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<div class="codehilite"><pre><span></span><span class="nt">apiVersion</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="l l-Scalar l-Scalar-Plain">extensions/v1beta1</span>
<span class="nt">kind</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="l l-Scalar l-Scalar-Plain">Ingress</span>
<span class="nt">metadata</span><span class="p">:</span>
<span class="nt">name</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="l l-Scalar l-Scalar-Plain">test-ingress-3</span>
<span class="nt">annotations</span><span class="p">:</span>
<span class="nt">nginx.ingress.kubernetes.io/use-regex</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="s">&quot;true&quot;</span>
<span class="nt">spec</span><span class="p">:</span>
<span class="nt">rules</span><span class="p">:</span>
<span class="p p-Indicator">-</span> <span class="nt">host</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="l l-Scalar l-Scalar-Plain">test.com</span>
<span class="nt">http</span><span class="p">:</span>
<span class="nt">paths</span><span class="p">:</span>
<span class="p p-Indicator">-</span> <span class="nt">path</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="l l-Scalar l-Scalar-Plain">/foo/bar/bar</span>
<span class="nt">backend</span><span class="p">:</span>
<span class="nt">serviceName</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="l l-Scalar l-Scalar-Plain">test</span>
<span class="nt">servicePort</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="l l-Scalar l-Scalar-Plain">80</span>
<span class="p p-Indicator">-</span> <span class="nt">path</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="l l-Scalar l-Scalar-Plain">/foo/bar/[A-Z0-9]{3}</span>
<span class="nt">backend</span><span class="p">:</span>
<span class="nt">serviceName</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="l l-Scalar l-Scalar-Plain">test</span>
<span class="nt">servicePort</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="l l-Scalar l-Scalar-Plain">80</span>
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</pre></div>
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<p>The ingress controller would define the following location blocks (in this order) within the NGINX template for the <code class="codehilite">test.com</code> server:</p>
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<div class="codehilite"><pre><span></span>location ~* &quot;^/foo/bar/[A-Z0-9]{3}&quot; {
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...
}
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location ~* &quot;^/foo/bar/bar&quot; {
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...
}
</pre></div>
<p>A request to <code class="codehilite">test.com/foo/bar/bar</code> would match the <code class="codehilite">^/foo/[A-Z0-9]{3}</code> location block instead of the longest EXACT matching path.</p>
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